China’s plans to reintroduce giant airships, a technology popular in the early 1900s, are raising concerns among experts who fear these vessels might be used for military purposes rather than just tourism.

The country is preparing to launch these airships as early as 2025, with some companies already promoting them as a new way for tourists to experience “walking in the clouds.”
Despite the tourist-friendly façade, experts are sceptical about China’s intentions. Professor Ashok Swain, an academic specialising in international relations, warned that the airships might not be solely intended for recreational use. Swain pointed out that China’s military expenditures often hide a range of defence activities that are not fully transparent.

Recent satellite imagery has revealed large hangars in northwest China housing these massive airships. Swain believes these airships could be part of a broader strategy to enhance China’s global surveillance and military reach. He highlighted that under President Xi Jinping, China’s leadership appears to be focused on expanding its military capabilities beyond its immediate geographic area.

Swain argued that the international community might be underestimating Xi’s broader ambitions by concentrating primarily on the situation in Taiwan. He suggested that the revival of airships is part of China’s long-term plan to establish itself as a significant global military power.
In March, China’s Aviation Industry Corporation (AVIC) successfully conducted a test flight of the AS700 airship named “Xiangyun.” This airship was seen flying over the central province of Hubei, raising questions about whether the airships are genuinely intended for tourist activities.

Jamey Jacob, director of the Oklahoma Aerospace Institute, supported the concern that the airships could have dual uses. While the airships are marketed as tourist attractions, Jacob noted that China’s history with military innovations suggests that these developments could also serve undisclosed military purposes.






Airships were employed in World War I for bombing and reconnaissance missions. This historical context adds to the concern that modern airships might be repurposed for similar strategic roles.